马德里新文化中心——层次的新探讨（by C. GARCIA & P. MARTIN, Architects)

**发型困难户**

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Location: Madrid, Spain

Designed by: FüNDC (C. GARCIA & P. MARTIN, Architects)

Completion date:2011

Photos.: FüNDC

Site area: 10,280 square metres

位置：西班牙，马德里

设计者：FüNDC(C.加西亚；P.马丁)

完成日期：2011

摄影：FüNDC

基地面积：10280㎡

The project has a couple of unprecedented design solutions such as “mega-tree-pots” and a transformable hall. The pots allow for the growth of medium-large trees above an underground parking, making possible green areas where usually just hard squares are found. The hall allows for an use modification on the cultural building programme, as it can switch between exhibition promenade and auditorium mode through the manipulation of movable floor decks.

这个项目中包含了一些前所未有的设计方法，例如，“巨型-树-盆栽”和一个可变的门厅。这些种植点的设置考虑到了中等大小的树木在地下停车场之上的生长，使得通常情况下硬质铺装的广场也有了绿化区域。门厅的设计考虑到了文化建筑功能的可变性，比如，可以通过操纵可动的楼板将展览漫步空间变为礼堂形式的空间。

The built size of the intervention, both under and above ground comes near to 20,000 square metres. It consists on the urbanisation through a new uninterrupted stone pavement, fountains and “mega-tree-pots” around a New Cultural Centre building. The latter is composed of two different architectural typologies, old and new, which work on a symbiotic manner providing traditional and transformable spaces. Under these areas and building a double-deck parking absorbs the vehicle impact working together with underground roads and bus stops, freeing the upper square spaces to pedestrians and bikes.

地上和地下的总建筑规模接近20000㎡。它通过一条新铺的连续的石料路面、喷泉和新的文化中心周围的“巨型-树-盆栽”，参与了这里的城市化进程。新的文化中心包含了两种不同的建筑类型：旧和新，这为传统空间和可变空间提供了一种共生的方式。在这些区域和建筑之下，一个两层的停车场和地下道路与公车站一起，解放了地面广场空间、行人和自行车。

“This intervention changes the traditional way of understanding new pedestrian areas on built environment as it does not choose between pedestrians or cars but accepts both, re-positioning them.” as explained by architect Cesar Garcia.“No need for road restrictions when you can reposition them underground. No need for lack of parking places as you can multiply them on levels. No need for flat hard public squares when you can grow large trees, necessary for urban comfort on this climate.”

“这种干预改变了营造新步行街环境的传统理念，它并不在行人和车辆之间做出选择，而是接纳了两者，并将它们重新定位。”建筑师西萨·加西亚解释道，“当你能够将道路放置在地下的时候，就没有必要进行道路限制；当你可以将停车设置在多个层次的时候，就不会有停车场所缺乏的现象；当你可以种植应季的大树为城市带来舒适的时候，就不要设置平坦的硬质广场。”

平面图：

与雅典卫城的对比：

分层示意图：

原文标题：New Cultural Centre in Madrid
原文地址：书籍《When Culture Meets Architecture》第一章